Analogue-Electronics
EEE Lunar Rover
A WiFi-controlled rover that drives across a mock lunar surface, hunts down artificial rocks, and reads their signals to work out what type each one is.
- Awarded Best First Year Project 2026 at Imperial College London
- I designed, tested, and debugged the infrared and magnetic circuits, and soldered three of the four sensor boards
- Built a separate analogue circuit for each of the four sensors, then combined them onto one PCB
- Chose Ackermann steering over differential drive so the rover wouldn't drift when its motors weren't perfectly matched
- Controlled and monitored live from a browser over WiFi
Operational Amplifier in LTSpice
What’s actually inside an op-amp? I spent a few months teaching myself, then built one from scratch out of individual transistors in LTSpice to find out.
- Learned and built every stage myself: differential pair, current mirrors, and a Darlington output stage
- Tested it by stepping the feedback resistor through four values and checking the gain against theory
- Measured gain matched the predicted Rf/Rin ratio almost exactly, even at ×1000